Subject - Predicate

• ! A sentence forms a complete thought only when the subject and predicate work together meaningfully. Neither can stand independently in standard sentence structure.

Subject: The doer, experiencer, or the topic of the sentence denotes who are what

1. Simple subject - Birds sing
2. Complete subject - Small brown birds sing
3. Compound subject - Knowledge and effort bring success
4. Implied subject - (you) Sit down

Predicate: What is said about the subject, or what the subject does? - this includes the verb and complements

1. Simple - The student slept
2. Complete - The student slept soundly in the library
3. Compound - The student read the article and wrote a summary.
4. Implied - She can sing and he can (sing) too

Eg: The owl hooted softly S: the owl P: hooted softly

Eg: Knowledge and curiosity drive innovation S: knowledge and curiosity P: drive innovation

Existential Sentences In structures beginning with there or it, these words act as grammatical placeholders rather than true subjects.

• Example: There is a solution to this problem.
  • Logical subject: a solution
  • Grammatical subject: there

Grammatical subject and logical subject